Anti-Hinduism 1
From Wikipedia
During Islamic Rule in the Indian Subcontinent [edit]
Photograph of the Surya Temple, The most
impressive and grandest ruins in Kashmir, at Marttand-Hardy Cole's Archaeological
Survey of India Report 'Illustrations of Ancient Buildings in Kashmir.' (1869)
Parts of India have historically been subject to Islamic rulers
from the period of Muhammad
bin Qasim to theDelhi Sultanate and the Mughal
Empire, as well as smaller kingdoms like the Bahmani Sultanate and Tipu
Sultans kingdom of Mysore. In almost
all of those regimes, Hindus have had an inherently inferior status to the
Muslim overlords. Islamic law demands that when under Muslim rule
"polytheists" or "infidels" be treated as dhimmis (from the Arab term) ahl-al-dhimma.[4]
Barrani [edit]
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Somanatha Temple Prabhas Patan, Gujarat, from
the Archaeological Survey of India, taken by D.H. Sykes in c.1869
Under the reign of Muhammad
bin Tughlaq, the Muslim cleric Ziauddin
Barrani wrote several works,
such as the Fatwa-i-Jahandari, which gave him a reputation as a
"fanatical protagonist of Islam"[5] and wrote that there should be "an all-out
struggle against Hinduism", advocating a militant and dogmatic
religiosity.[6] He developed a system of religious elitism to
that effect.[6]
In the first part of his reign in particular he was a religious
bigot destroying many temples within his own kingdom-proper and many more in
the invasion of Malabar. Mass forced conversions took place during the invasion
of Malabar, outnumbered Nair warriors were given choice of Islam or death and
Tippu is said to get great pleasure by converting Namboodhiri Brahmins.
·
In battle
After being defeated in the first Anglo-Mysore war he started
dealing cordially with the Hindus in his kingdom so as to avoid insurrection
and get support in the face of the British power.[7] Malayalam writer V.V.K. Valath has claimed[8] In 1780 CE he declared himself to be the Padishah or Emperor of Mysore and H. D. Sharma writes
that in his correspondence with other Islamic rulers such as Shah Zaman of Afghanistan, Tippu
Sultan used this title and declared that he intended to establish an Islamic
Empire in the entire country, along the lines of the Mughal Empirewhich
was at its nadir during the period in question.[9] C. K. Kareem notes that Tippu Sultan issued an
edict for the destruction of Hindu temples in Kerala.[10] The archaeological survey of India has listed
three temples which were destroyed during the reign of Tipu Sultan. These were
the Harihareshwar Temple at Harihar which was converted into a mosque, the
Varahswami Temple in Srirangapatnam and the Odakaraya Temple in Hospet.[11] The list is incomplete and has not considered
temples such as in Keladi, Ikkeri and Sagara,
and many more in Malabar, like Tirunavaya, .......
After such atrocities, Tipu's view towards Hinduism changed and
its recorded his seeking reverential advice from the then Sringeri pontiff Sri
Sacchidananda Bharati III (1770–1814). The Sringeri Sarada Peetam has in its
safe possession some 24 letters written by the Sultan who also sent a silver
palanquin and a pair of silver chauris to the Sarada Temple as well.[11] Tipu had donated many silver vessels and gold ornaments
to Sri Ranganatha swamy at Seringaptnam which is at stone's throw from his
palace.
Historian C. Hayavadana Rao wrote about Tippu in his encyclopaedic work on
the History of Mysore. He asserted that Tippu's "religious fanaticism and
the excesses committed in the name of religion, both in Mysore and in the
provinces, stand condemned for all time. His bigotry, indeed, was so great that
it precluded all ideas of toleration". He further asserts that the acts of
Tippu that were constructive towards Hindus were largely political and
ostentatious rather than an indication of genuine tolerance.[12]
Whilst no scholar has denied that, in common with most rulers of
his period, Tippu’s campaigns were often characterized by great brutality, some
historians claim that this was not exclusively religiously motivated, and did
not amount to a consistent anti-Hindu policy. Brittlebank, Hasan, Chetty, Habib
and Saletare amongst others argue that stories of Tippu's religious persecution
of Hindus and Christians are largely derived from the work of early British
authors such as Kirkpatrick[13] and Wilks,[14] whom they do not consider to be entirely
reliable.[15] A. S. Chetty argues that Wilks’ account in
particular cannot be trusted.[16]
Although the attitudes of Muslim ruler Tippu Sultan have been criticized as being anti-Hindu by
Indian historians, left-wing historians note that he had an egalitarian
attitude towards Hindus and was harsh towards them only when politically
expedient.[17] Former IAS Officer, Praxy Fernandes has
mentioned in his book that Tipu Sultan displayed reverence to the head of the
Hindu Shringeri Mutt, by
Irfan
Habib and Mohibbul Hasan argue
that these early British authors had a strong vested interest in presenting
Tippu Sultan as a tyrant from whom the British had "liberated" Mysore.[18] This assessment is echoed by Brittlebank in her
recent work[19]
S. Chandrasekar, Travel writer & Photographer, 2010, records
from his family genealogy (Visanasola, Kuthsa gothra, Telugu Konaseema
Dravidlu):
"One of my
anscestors, Someswara Iyer was mistakenly imprisoned by Tipu in 1789. He was a
pure saivite and an innocent brahmin. He refused to eat or drink in prison due
to shame and humiliation. Soon he dropped and fell unconscious. That night Lord
appeared in the dream of Tipu and ordered him to release the poor brahmin. Tipu
apologized and repented for the sin committed. Someswaran was too fragile and
couldn't move. Tipu asked his court physician to smear battered curd-rice paste
throughout the body twice a day. His skin pores absorbed them. On the third day
it was said that he regained energy to speak. Tipu granted few villages and an
emerald Shivalinga to Someswaran Iyer as a token of respect. The lands and
lingam have vanished over the centuries. Henceforth Someswara Iyer was called
Nawab Somayajulu (wife Subbulakshmi). They belonged to the Konaseema Telugu
speaking kuthsa-gothra brahmin family of south india Konaseema dravidlu, kuthsa
gothram, Visanasola telugu brahmins. Someswaran was the 8th
descendent from Madhyarjunam Subbarao who was a minister at the court of King
Sri Krishnadevaraya of Vijayanagara Empire c.1500AD (approx.)"[citation needed]
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